Shoyna, the northernmost "desert" town, is not marked on most maps. Its sand dunes stretch for tens of kilometers along the coast of the White Sea, on the west coast of Kanin peninsula in the Russian Arctic.
Shoyna is located in the Barents Sea area, north of Arkhangelsk Region. Murmansk to the west, Arkhangelsk to the south, are the nearest large cities, where naval bases and industrial structures are strategical for the Russian State.
This region is currently under pressure, the Arctic being seen as an area for the future - navigable because of the warming, profitable because of oil, gas and coal deposits. Russia started a rush for the Arctic, concentrating much of the military/naval forces in Murmansk and Arkhangelsk, and building extraction structures and heavy industry. A dispute with Finland started long ago on the limits of national water and sea bed.
The Kanin Peninsula is the western tip of the Nenets region (Nenetsia), over 300 km from its capital Naryan-Mar. The Nenets are a native nomad people with a subsistence way of life - herding reins and fishing.
Shoyna was founded in the 1930s as a fishing village, named after the Shoyna River.
The village remained a fishing community during the Soviet rule, with an impressive fishing fleet, settled on flat green land where tundra and forest converge. The abundance of fish and marine life led to prosperity, and by the 1950s some 1500 people lived in Shoyna.
A slow but inexorable sand wave was coming though, and since the 70's sand dunes enclosed the houses puting an end to fishery.
Today, the fleet is rotting on the shore, and provides playing ground for children and a photogenic end-of-the-world scenery.
The excessive fishing, trawling the seabed, destroyed the vegetation, which gave the way for wind-blown sands.
Shoyna (Шо́йна), Nenets region
Coordinates: 67° 52' N, 44° 08' E
(150 Km north of the arctic circle)
Population: 300-400
Access to many houses is possible only through the roof ; stairs are commonly seen to help climb up to roof windows.
Better not to close the door at night. Because come morning, it may not open - if a sandstorm has struck.
Jobs, though, are quite enough: tractor and excavator drivers, meteorologists, wood workers and repair crews, a few state workers and employees (teachers, for instance). Many receive pensions and benefits.
No roads, no bicycles or cars - the only machines to move around are these 'sand- tractors', heavy, slow and ugly, called "truckcycles" by the locals.
Water has to be searched for each day at the only source available.
Still work and play go on in the unfriendly environment.
The Meteorological Station is probably the best place to work in Shoyna, as the Russians do care for their Weather Forecasting Net very much
It keeps being modernized and, of course, sand-free. This area even benefits from a wooden boardwalk over the sand.
There also was a lighthouse at Shoyna, built in 1960 as a navigational aid to mariners on the White Sea. After decades of service it was abandonned and left to ruin, but can still be visited.
No roads or railroads connect the area with the south. Transportation to the outside world is by ship or air. The 'Shoyna Airport' is a dirt runway, 650 metres long on the mud...
...the lounge a little wooden shack, the control tower, well...
It's amazing how few accidents happened, the last one in 2014 with only minor injuries, with this small Antonov biplane from the 1940s - though it was continuously built until 2001.
The flights are almost undescribable - the small plane shakes and vibrates and bounces and shudders harshly, there is no air conditionning so drafts inside are freezing, and the engine noise (plus wind) almost unbearable. But... it's the only fast way in and out of Shoyna !
Under snow, in the Arctic winter, things get... better !
Snow allows for snowmobile transport, much more comfortable in small trips.
Even dogsleds are welcome !
